Books
Butchart, R. E. (2010) Schooling the Freed People: Teaching, Learning, and the Struggle for Black Freedom, 1861 - 1876. Chapel Hill, University of North Carolina Press.
Selleck, L. B., (1995). Gentle Invaders: Quaker Women Educators and Racial Issues During the Civil War and Reconstruction. Richmond, Friends United Press.
Urban, W. J., & Wagoner Jr., J. L., (2009). American Education: A History, 4th Ed., New York, Routledge.
McDaniel, D., & Julye, V. (2009). Fit For Freedom, Not Friendship: Quakers, African Americans and the Myth of Racial Justice. Philadelphia, Quaker Press.
Articles
Butchart, R. E. & Rolleri, A. F., (2003). Iowa teachers among the freed people of the south, 1862-1876. The Annals of Iowa, 62, p. 1 - 29.
Currie-McDaniel, R. (1992). Northern Women in the South, 1860 – 1880. The Georgia Historical Quarterly, 76 (2), p. 284 - 312.
Neufeldt, H. G., (1984). Northern philanthropy and black education. History of Education Quarterly, 24(1), p 153-161.
Small, S. E. (1979). The yankee schoolmarm in freedmen’s schools: An analysis of attitudes. The Journal of Southern History, 45(3) p 381-402.